Celiac disease characteristics

Our daily nourishment is the flour, as this is the raw material of the bread and pastas. However, there are who are sensitive to gliadins –for wheat, rye, barley’s ones protein, which is caused celiac disease. The celiac is gliadin-induced intolerance. The patient's body cannot properly process the gliadin, against it the immune system produces antibodies processing autoimmune process in the body. The celiac disease a lifelong disorder, which is currently not possible to eliminate, but with gluten-free diet asymptomatic and healthy whole life can be achieved. The celiac disease hereditary, genetically determined disease. If in your family has celiac disease patient, it has a high probability of celiac disease in the re-attendance. Disease occurs among first relatives in 10% in latent form, active celiac disease in 2-3%. Among identical twins the frequency of occurrence is 75 % in both children. In celiac disease, the gliadin caused mutation’s center is the small intestine, but in many other organs can also cause mutation. It causes the total destruction of the entire small intestine bolyhainak, resulting in severe malabsorption, developing disease symptoms.

The appearance of celiac

Although celiac is a congenital disease, its most common formation is in 2-3 year old when the child has already consumed adequate amounts of gluten, but it can occur that in school-age the low growth or delayed sexual maturation in adolescence directs attention to the celiac. Previously, they keep it as a childhood disease, nowadays it is known that it can appear at any age. Senior diarrhea, abdominal distension, lactose intolerance, food allergy can be based of celiac. The symptoms commonly develop gradually and slowly. The severity of disease and the time of symptoms development may be different, which is related to the fact that when the gluten gets into the diet but the daily amount of the consumed gluten can affect.

Symptoms

The most common symptoms are chronic diarrhea, abdominal distension, undigested mass, shiny stools, abdominal pain, weight gain and growth failure, deficiency (protein, trace minerals, vitamins) formation. However, it can occur that the disease does not appear with the typical symptoms, but less prominent way, low growth, iron deficiency anemia, defective tooth enamel development, delayed puberty, osteoporosis is the only symptom. There are diseases, which the celiac often associated: juvenile diabetes (Type 1 diabetes mellitus), Down syndrome, an inflammatory disease of the thyroid gland, allergic inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, atopy. Disease like this, celiac checkup should also be practical to do.

Diagnostics

The celiac disease should be separated from other, food caused allergy diseases. Particularly important to make difference between grain allergy and celiac disease. While in the case of grain allergy IgE antibodies is determined from blood serum or we do skin tests, in case of celiac disease we examine anti-endomysium antibody (EMA) or tissue transglutaminase (tTG) antibody. The skin tests for celiac do not help the recognition of the disease, so examinations from blood serum also help the separation of the two diseases. The positivity of blood serum examinations support a strong suspicion of the existence of celiac disease, however, internationally accepted that the diagnosis of small intestine biopsy material, histological examination is necessary.

Treatment

Next to the current knowledge of diagnosis ,gluten-free diet for all life is needed, besides the individual is consider to healthy and does not need any other treatment. The omission of gluten-containing foods is very important that the gluten from diet can only leave in case of confirmed celiac disease diagnosis because after leaving gluten the bélbolyhok is regenerate and the diagnosis is impossible to recover.

In case of identified celiac disease the gluten-free diet is also possible to control with the blood carried out using antibodies and rapid test that allows the individual to control his/her status and diet.